IMPACT OF MONETARY POLICY OF ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA

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IMPACT OF MONETARY POLICY OF ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA

ABSTRACT

In general, monetary policy refers to the combination of policies designed to regulates the value, supply and cost of money in an economy in cognizance with the level of economic activity. An express supply of money which will result in an excess demand for goods and services will cause rising prices and or a deterioration of the balance of payments position. On the other hand, inadequate supply of money could induce stagnation in the economy thereby referred growth and development. Consequently, the central bank and the central monetary authority, must attempt to keep the money supply growing at an appropriate rate to ensure sustainable economic growth and to maintain internal and external stability. The discretionary control of the money stock by the central monetary authority involves the expansion or construction of money influencing interest rates to make money cheaper or more expensive depending on the prevailing economic conditions and the channeling of money to priority sector. In a nutshell, the aims of monetary policy are basically to control inflation, maintain a healthy balance of payments position for the country in-order to safeguard the external value of the national currency and promote an adequate and sustainable level of economic growth and development. This study therefore, delves into monetary policy with a view to elucidating their impact on economic growth in Nigeria

TABLE OF CONTENT:

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

1.2 Statement of the Research Problem

1.3 Objectives of the Study

1.4 Significance of the Study

1.5 Research Questions

1.6 Research Hypothesis

1.7 Conceptual and Operational Definition

1.8 Assumptions

1.9 Limitations of the Study

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Sources of Literature

2.2 The Review

2.3 Summary of Literature Review

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Method

3.2 Research Design

3.3 Research Sample

3.4 Measuring Instrument

3.5 Data Collection

3.6 Data Analysis

3.7 Expected Result

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS

4.1 Data Analysis

4.2 Results

4.3 Discussion

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Summary

5.2 Recommendations for Further Study

Bibliography

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Generally monetary control includes those devices that influence the overall supply, cost and availability of money and credit. This is the responsibility of the monetary authority which comprises the central bank and the federal government in Nigeria, the central bank exercises primary responsibilities for initiating, articulating, implementing and appraising such policies. The banks proposal are subject to ratification by the federal government.

Monetary policy are monetary management techniques put in place by the government through the central bank to control money stock that is supply of money in order to influence broad macro-economic objectives which include price stability, high level of employment, sustainable economic growth and a balance of payment equilibrium. These broad objectives are achieved through the use of appropriate instruments, depending on which objective the policy formulated want to achieve and on the level of development of the economy.

In the application of monetary policy as instruments of economic growth, here these instruments are determined by the nature of the problems to be solved and by the environment in which these problems exist. There are broadly two categories of these viz, quantitative or indirect controls and selective (qualitative or direct) controls. Indirect instruments are usually used in market based economic where the quantity of money stock can be affected through the relationship between money supply and reserve money as well as the ability of the monetary authority to influence the creation of reserves. The reserves and hence, money supply can be affected through the following ways:

i. Change in reserves deposit ratio

ii. Change in discount rate

iii. Interest rate change and

iv. Engaging in open market operation (OMO)

In an under-developed financial environment, the instruments of monetary and credit targets at desired levels. The major direct control is direct interest regulation. Hence the regulatory authorities interpose explicit limitations on dealings between borrowers and creditors.

These instruments of monetary policy are applied in the achievement of various objectives However, all such objectives are in consonance with the broad objectives of the 1^st National Rolling plan (1990-1992) which are:

The consolidation of the achievement made so far in the implementation of the structural adjustment programme (SAP). The plan is also to deal with pressing problems of inflation, unemployment, the sluggish performance of the productive sectors particularly manufacturing and the inadequate availability of foreign exchange with the aim of achieving of non – oil export. Other socio economic problems to be addressed by the plan include the high growth rate of population, threats to the environment and the menace of anti-social behaviour such as aimed robbery, and other junile delinquency. These objectives viz, a highly level of employment, price stability, a sustainable level of economic growth and balance of payment equilibrium.

However, the effectiveness of monetary policies against which background of objective were formulated has raised serious doubts as o the continuous use of these policy. It is in the light of the above theoretical / background that the author wishes to carry out a study on the impact of monetary policy on economic growth.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Over the years, so many instruments of monetary policy have been in vague not to gear-up the level of investment, but unemployment, price level fluctuation, lack of sustainable economic growth, balance of payment disquilibrium, inability to mobilize domestic savings and unsatisfactory expansion of domestic output. These have consistently and persistently done severe damage to the Nigerian economy unabated.

It is against this background that the problems of this study have been identified and they are as follows:

a. Are monetary policies effective instruments for economic growth?

b. Are there monetary policies to achieve desired objectives and what has been the outcome?

c. Is the implementation of monetary policies ideal?

d. What factors hinder the full attainment of the monetary policy objectives?

e. Could there be any remedy to these problems

f. Are there conflicts or relationship between monetary and fiscal policy?

STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES

The objectives of this paper are:

i. To present and analyse the various moneatary objectives and instrument for the period.

ii. To demonstrate the general trned in monetary policy as a tool for achieving economic growth in Nigeria

iii. To ascertain the level of success of monetary policy against desired objectives.

iv. To identify the factors that tend to hinder the full attainment of the derived objectives

v. Finally to recommend the appropriate monetary policy for the achievement of specific objectives as well as recommend solutions to problems that hinder the full attainment of such objectives.

RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

Hypothesis are research solutions o problems, which are in essence queses or unches that are subjected to some verification or test. By the above ascertain the researcher therefore deemed it necessary to establish the following hypothesis, that:

1. An increase in money supply earns increase in the level of inflation

2. A reduction in money supply will lead to a current account surplus in the balance of payments.

3. An increase in net domestic credit will lead to an increase in GP growth rate.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This research provides an insight into impact of monetary policy on economic growth. It will therefore be of invaluable use to the following people.

To students, it will provide a complement to the few existing tests on money policy and economic growth.

To policy makers, this study will be of immense value because it:

i. Highlights the mechanism for the operation of monetary policy against achieving set goals and objectives.

ii. Examines the areas of conflict between monetary and fiscal policies.

iii. Analyses the problems facing the full implementation of monetary policy and

iv. Suggestive solutions to such identified problems, as such policy makers will find its recommendations invaluable in formulating new and ideal for the achievement of economic growth.

Bankers will also find this work a useful tool in analyzing the effects of government actions on their activities and whether these actions are, on the whole favourable in investors are not left out, this work will serve as a guide on the effects of monetary policy on various sector of the economy, in which their funds can be invested and lastly, the ordinary reader will find this work as an eye opener and a valuable store of knowledge.

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CRIME, AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOUR AND TRUANCY AS DETERMINANT OF ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SECONDARY SCHOOL

ATTENTION: BEFORE YOU READ THE CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPIC BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU! INFORMATION: YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COSTS N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08168759420 CRIME, AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOUR AND TRUANCY AS DETERMINAT OF ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SECONDARY SCHOOL ABSTRACT The standard of education in Nigeria is frequently brought to focus by stake holders in the education industry. This is obviously due to the emphasis placed on education by every nation as a means of economic, social and political development. The purpose of this study was to find out how crime, aggressive behaviour and truancy as determine the academic performance of secondary school students in Ijebu North Local Government area of Ogun state. Therefore, related l...

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IMPACT OF MONETARY POLICY OF ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA

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