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TABLE OF CONTENT:
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the Study
1.2
Statement of the Research Problem
1.3
Objectives of the Study
1.4
Significance of the Study
1.5
Research Questions
1.6
Research Hypothesis
1.7
Conceptual and Operational Definition
1.8
Assumptions
1.9
Limitations of the Study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1
Sources of Literature
2.2
The Review
2.3
Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
3.1
Research Method
3.2
Research Design
3.3
Research Sample
3.4
Measuring Instrument
3.5
Data Collection
3.6
Data Analysis
3.7
Expected Result
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND
RESULTS
4.1
Data Analysis
4.2
Results
4.3
Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1
Summary
5.2
Recommendations for Further Study
Bibliography
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CHAPTER
ONE
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INTRODUCTION
The world has
become a global village as propounded by Marshal Maduban with
tele-communications being a key player” (www.Nigeriabusinessinfo.com),
and (Okwunna, ed. 2002:225). A major breakthrough is the Wireless Global
System for Mobile Communications (MTN).
MTN started in Nigeria in 1886, although in a faulty foundation
because the colonial administration then was und in promoting administrative
functions than the socio-economic development of the country.
The sector was grossly underdeveloped
before it was deregulated under the
military regime of General Ibrahim Babangida in 1992 with the establishment
of a regulatory body, the Nigeria communications commission (NCC). The total number of telephones lines at
independence in 1960 was only 18,724 for a population estimated at about 40
million, meaning a teledensity of 0.5 Telephone per 1000 people.
Between 1960 and 1985, the MTNs sector
consisted of the department of post and MTN (NET) limited in charge of the
external MTNs services. The installed
switching capacity at the end of 1985 was about 200,000 lines as against the
target of 460,000. Telephone
penetration remained poor equalizing telephone line to 100 inhabitants
recommended by International MTNs Union (ITU) for developing countries.
In January 1985, the Post and MTNs was
split into postal and MTN Department Division then later was merged with NET
to form Nigeria MTN Limited (NITEL), with the motive to honomonise the
planning and co-ordination of the internal and external MTN services. NITEL had a monopoly on the sector, and was
synonymous with epileptic services and bad management. By the beginning of 1999, there were
roughly 500,000 lines available for a population of around 120 million
Nigerians. According of Sylvester
Ebhodaghe in Guardian July 16, 2002, before Zain (formerly Econcet /Vmobile)
and MTN arrived on the scene, there were less half a million phone lines to
about 120 million Nigerians.
In other words, the overwhelming
majority of Nigerians were phone- starred” from May 2000, the President
OlusegunObasanjo. S. administration swung to gear to make a complete
deregulation a reality by setting in motion the privatization of NITEL. This has further led to expansion in
connectivity through private investment and entry of new private operators,
hence, there is improved service quality, expansion in rural access and more
affordable tariffs, due to competition Sylvester Ebhedaghe in Guardian July
23 2001 says that “before introduction of MTN, despite NITEL being the only
service provider that had touched different parts of the country, some state
headquarters could not boast of NITEL facilities penetration. In order to inadequalise the inadequacies
speedily for Nigerians to participate in the on-going global digital revolution,
the technology of wireless had to be adopted.
On 9 February 2002, one national
operator and two private companies MTN and Zain were granted license by NCC
to operate a digital mobile MTN Network in Nigeria . The license fee was US
$200 million. They first launched
their services in Lagos, Abuja and Port Harcourt, one year after the
introduction of MTN, over one million lines were provided. Also, on August 12, 2002, NCC granted
another license for second national operator (SNO) to Globacom at US 200
million. The motive is to create an
alternative network to the government owned NITEL because of its poor
service. The Act granted more powers
to the NCC thereby reducing the role of the minister for communication to
policy making. The Act grants an
almost absolute independence to NCC in making industry regulations.
However, as at now over 5.5million
Nigeria have assess to MTN phones.
There are now more mobile phone subscribers than fixed lines
users. At present, a wide range of MTN services are provided in the country
telephony, telex, cellular mobile, radio trunking services, maritime mobile
services, voice cast press receipt, data communications, shipshere,
gentex (extension of telex terminal to rural areas), value added
services and e cetera.
“MTN, arrived Enugu State in 2003, first
MTN on 28 October, and Zain which was later introduced in February 2004,” as
observed by Charles Emus, MTN Marketing distributor in Onitsha. Also Mr. Vincent Enafi, the credit
controller /payphone manager of NITEL in Enugu State, in his own contribution,
claims that “there were 200 lines available for use in Enugu State before MTN
was introduced in the place. Also, that the equipment used was analog cross
point 24 (Cp)”
Enugu State has greatly absorbed
mobile communication exchange even in less than one than one year its
introduction. A big business to say,
it has become part and parcel of the people, and has led to a quicker
development and civilization. The
first two establishment networks MTN and Zain are in Kin competition,
therefore, each service provider through advertising trics to create
acceptance for their product by constantly establishing their brand in the
mind’s eye of audience.
Advertising is one effective
promotional to which advertisers employ to effectively market their products,
ideas and services. There is a common
saying in marketing that “consumer is a king Bangloye (1995:67), emphasizing
on the importance of placing the consumer first claims that “although
marketers usually try to understand and influence buying behviour, but they
cannot control it. This statement
justifies the struggle by organizations world wide to relentlessly amplify
their promotional techniques in a bid to out do one another so as to win the
patronage of the consumers.”
STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM
This research is
meant to examine the extent at which advertising effectiveness can either
draw people’s attention to a particular product or how its ineffectiveness
can put people off from the advertised product.
Advertising as a business promotional
tool has been badly neglected in Nigerian industries as most managers think
their products can survive without it.
Even the few companies that advertise do not see reasons to study how
the audience perceives their products, their acceptance or rejection and the
reason for such attitude, since MTN is a recent development in Enugu State,
there is a need to study how the product is behaving in the market . This will help the companies to curb any
negative effect before it gets ripe.
The work is directed to respondents in
enugu to find out their disposition towards MTN products advertisement. Before the introduction of MTN Enugu State
depended on NITEL for their telephone exchange, but it was surrounded with
epileptic services. The first two
established networks are seriously striving for customers through
advertising. But how effective are
these adverts have they have been able to yield positive result by working on
people’s perception and attitude?
Heave they been able to persuade them to purchase the products or vice
versa?
This therefore posses a problem and
the researcher attempts to use the questionnaire to solve this problem by
analyzing the response of the respondents.
This will help to make a recommendation.
OBJECTIVE
OF THE STUDY
1. To evaluate the impact of advertising in
the sale of MTN products.
2. To evaluate the public perception and
attitude towards MTN products advertisements.
3. To recommend ways to increase sale
through advertising.
4. To examine the impact of advertising in
changing people’s perception.
5. To validate the power that advertising
has over consumers psychology and how it exploits the consumer behaviour.
6. To correct the negative impression some
people have about advertising (that it is a waste of fund).
RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
1. Is Enugu State exposes to MTN product
advertisements?
2. What is the attitude of Enugu respondents
towards MTN product?
3. What is the frequency of those
advertisements?
4. Does advertising of MTN product stimulate
its patronage?
5. Does MTN product has an edge over the
terms of acceptance patronage and reliability.
1.6 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
H1: Advertising
of MTN products have influence on public perception and attitude toward MTN products.
H0: Advertising
of MTN product does not have influence on public perception and attitude
towards MTN products.
H2: Advertising
can induce public preference of MTN products.
H0: Advertising
cannot induce public preference of MTN products MTN.
H3: Advertising
will have relationship with other elements of promotion and marketing in
changing public perception and attitude.
H0: Advertising
will not have relationship with other
elements
of promotion and marketing in changing public perception and attitude.
H4: Advertising
has relationship with public perception and attitudes towards a product.
H0: Advertising
does not have relationship with public perception and attitudes towards a
product.
Significance
of Study
This research would
be of benefit to business organizations especially MTN industries. It would enable them to know how consumers
feel about their products and also to create awareness of the role of
advertising in developing perfect brand image.
The research would also be useful to
the government, advertising agencies, consumers and advertiser in all
ramification. Academically, it would
also benefit students of mass communication, business administration,
marketing and other similar disciplines that may carry out similar research,
and the result of the work shall highlight considerably the persuasive
quality of advertising on consumers perception and attitude to MTN product,
and how it helps to create brand awareness.
SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
This study explores
how advertising complements the marketing of MTN products by acting on public
perception and attitude. The study
includes the historical background of MTN in Nigeria and it was further
streamlined to Enugu State.
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