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AN ANALYSIS
OF E-READINESS OF A HIGHER INSTITUTION
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The world of
today has grown deep with the use of internet; making almost everything more
easily; the place of learning and teaching and the business environment has
improved over the years. Internet has contributed so much in our societies
today. Consider the case study for the purpose of this research work. We shall
investigate the impact of E-readiness on higher institution using the national
open university of Nigeria, Benin centre as a case study.
The
increasing use of Internet has experienced an explosion over the years and is
responsible for enormous changes in the pedagogies of teaching leading to a
more interactive learning process. Information and Communication Technology
(ICT) came as a result of advancement in internet and is considered as a new
communication technology now in use to improve and replace the existing old
technologies of information delivery and exchange. They have become
increasingly significant as tools to accelerate social, economic and
educational development. For instance, the topic of e – readiness is not a
phenomenon that links the use of ICT and access to the Internet alone, but also
to usage and benefits of ICT as observed by Fuchs and Horak (2006).
United
national education and cultural organization of Nigeria UNESCO (2002);
pinpoints that ICTs are seen as pedals of educational system and change.
However, the significant role of ICT as strategies for development is essential
to the running of universities in developed and developing economies as well.
In the same vein, several efforts at institutionalizing ICT for development in
national Open University of Nigeria, Benin centre have been geared towards
public institutions with less emphasis on private institutions because of the
nature of ownership and policy. This could be argued from the standpoint that
the resources required for institutionalizing ICT in our various institutions
are available if and only if it can be well harnessed. According to Colle
(2004), e-readiness refers to relevant content, human resources, practical
research, training capacity couple with the ability to sustain these utilities
in the process of assessing these indicators (resources).
It is
particularly noticeable in the definition given by Colle (2004) which posited
that e-readiness is a concept usually applied to nations and it refers to a
nation's inventory of ICT resources for operating in a modern information
society. He further posited that e –readiness of a nation among others
includes; service provider, networking facilities, favorable ICT policies,
appropriate human resources and telecommunications competition e.t.c It is
pertinent that Universities all over the world have a very critical role to
play in every country's development effort with theoretical capacities to be
the living force that could spearhead the use of internet in their respective
countries and even outside their national borders. Any initiatives being
undertaking by the national government as a whole to improve ICTs that is by
discovering the capacity of the universities.
To buttress
the forgoing, it is important to state that the evolution of Internet cannot be
compared to the existing technologies that were before it. For instance, Molosi
(2001) remarked that the television revolution took years to reach 30 million
viewers and internet achieved this mark in only 4 years. There is no doubt that
the rate of deployment of the new technologies in developing countries is low;
especially those of the sub-Saharan Africa. This is particularly noticeable in
the area of telecommunication and computing infrastructure such as telephones,
power supplies development of appropriate electronic network e.t.c. as opined
by Naidro and Schutte (1999). Today the growth in telecommunication infrastructure
has led to increase in Internet connectivity.
Despite the
foregoing, most universities in developing and under developing countries
showed a low level of e- readiness. This is in terms of adequately trained
human resources for effective and efficient deployment of internet. In
addition, there had been the problem of deficiency in practical resource to
mention a few especially in the private universities which is the major thrust
of this study. Hence, this paper seeks to investigate the impact of e-readiness
on educational development of our case study.
The focus of
this study is to identify the extent to which e-readiness in the selected
private university has imparted on educational development in Nigeria.
1.2
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The driving
force behind the study was actually however to address the fact that, in spite
of the growing adoption of and demand for ICT in education, there is very
little systematic research and hard data about how ICT is actually used in the
universities and even less about its impact on educational outcomes, social
behaviour, or employment (human resources) and students productivity.
1.3 RESEARCH
QUESTION
1. Does
information and technology has significant impact on the social economic and
educational development in Nigeria?
2. Is there
any link between the use of ICT and access to the internet alone?
3. Does ICT
has significant effect on the preparedness of students in the national open
university of Nigeria, Benin centre?
4. Does
E-readiness helps to improve Benin inventory of ICT resources for operating a
modern information society?
1.4 RESEARCH
HYPOTHESIS
H0: there is
no significant relationship between the use of ICT and access to the internet
alone.
H1: there is
significant relationship between the use of ICT and access to the internet
alone.
H0: There is
no mean difference in gender responses of the respondents that information and
technology has significant impact on the social, economic and educational
development in Nigeria.
H1: There is
mean difference in gender responses of the respondents that information and
technology has significant impact on the social, economic and educational
development in Nigeria.
H0: Good ICT
has no significant effect on academic performance of students
H1: Good ICT
has significant effect on academic performance of students
1.4 AIMS AND
OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
1. To
ascertain the influence of E-readiness on educational development in Nigeria.
2. To
measure the adequacy of infrastructural facilities in the national open
university of Nigeria, Benin centre.
3. To
determine effect of E-readiness on the preparedness of students in the national
open university of Nigeria, Benin centre
4. To
determine the roles E-readiness plays in the social economic and educational
development in Nigeria.
1.5
SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The research
work shall reveal the roles of E-readiness in the social and economic
educational development in Nigeria. We shall be able to explain the effect of
E-readiness on the preparedness of students in the national open university of
Nigeria, Benin centre. This study went on to explain in detail the influence of
E-readiness on educational development in Nigeria. Finally people’s view on
E-readiness and its effect shall be discussed in detail and proper
recommendation will be given concerning the analysis of e-readiness of a higher
institution.
1.6 SCOPE OF
STUDY
The research
work is limited to the roles of E-readiness on the educational development of
the national open university of Nigeria, Benin centre.
It covers
various areas of ICT development in Nigeria. It reveals people’s view on the
impact of E-readiness on the academic performance of student in higher
institutions in Nigeria.
The research
work will make use of research questionnaires to gather good information
concerning the roles of E-readiness on the academic performance of higher
institution students in Benin centre.
1.7
LIMITATION OF STUDY
FINANCIAL
CONSTRAINTS:
Due to lack
of sufficient funds, the research was unable to visit all the areas of Benin
City, but was able to gather meaningful information concerning the research
topic.
TIME
CONSTRAINTS:
Due to the
researchers over involvement in other areas of research he/she was able to
gather more information about the research topic; but he/she was able to meet
up with great ideas concerning the research topic.
1.8
DEFINITION OF STUDY
ICT:
information and communication technology; is an extended term for information
technology (IT) which stresses the role of unified communications and the integration of telecommunications
(telephone lines and wireless signals), computers as well as necessary
enterprise software, middleware, storage, and audio-visual systems, which
enable users to access, store, transmit, and manipulate information.
E-READINESS:
this is also called electronic readiness, which is the preparedness towards the
use of information and communication technology.
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