INVESTIGATION OF STUDENT KNOWLEDGE ON CLIMATIC CHANGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL PRESERVATION IN SOME SELECTED SCHOOLS
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INVESTIGATION
OF STUDENT KNOWLEDGE ON CLIMATIC CHANGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL PRESERVATION IN SOME
SELECTED SCHOOLS
ABSTRACT
The study
investigate student knowledge a Climate Change and Environmental Preservation
in Surulere and Lagos Mainland Local Government Area of Lagos State.
The research
work sought to investigate students understanding of environmental concepts and
climatic change, if gender difference exists in student knowledge of climatic
change as well as if type of school (Public and Private) attended and school
location (Urban or rural) has any relationship on student knowledge of climatic
change and environmental issues.
This study
was carried out in Eight public senior secondary schools in Surulere and Lagos
mainland local government area of Lagos State.
Data was
collected by administration of students questionnaire comprising questions on
climatic change and environmental issues. Data analysis was performed and the
following finding were made;
i. Student have poor knowledge on
climatic change and environmental preservation as students have learning
difficulties in these concepts.
ii. Gender differences exist in student
knowledge on climate change and environmental preservation.
iii. There is a high relationship between
type of school attended (Rural or Urban) and school location (Rural or Urban)
on students knowledge on climate change and environmental preservation.
Based on
this findings some recommendation were made’
· Government should provide a valuable
service to the community, both by promoting environmental education and
awareness.
· Science Teachers should be trained with
a clear goal and understanding of the new and effective techniques of climate
change and environmental issues.
It can be
conducted from this study that student poor knowledge on climate change and
environmental issues is as a result of learning difficulties faced by students
and science related subjects such as geography and chemistry that are made optional
to senior secondary school students.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
TOPIC: AN
INVESTIGATION INTO STUDENTS KNOWLEDGE ABOUT CLIMATIC CHANGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL
PRESERVATION.
1.1BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
Climate
refers to the average weather condition over more than thirty years. The
climate of an region depends on many factors including the amount of sunlight
it receive, its height above sea level, the shape of land and how close it is
to ocean.
Global
climate of the description of the climate of the planet as while, with all the
regional difference average. Overall global climate depends on the energy
trapped in the system. This amount are different for different climate. Climate
change is a change in the statistical distribution weather over periods of time
that range form decades to millions of years.
In recent
usage, especially in the context of environmental policy, climate change
usually refers to changes in modern climate. It may be qualified as
anthropogenic climate change more generally known as “global warning”. Over
hundred years ago, people world wide began burning more coal and oil for homes
factors and transpiration burning these fossil full releases carbondioxide and
other greenhouse effects gases into the atmosphere to warm more quickly than in
the past.
Moreso,
process as variation in earth orbits, mountain-building and continental draft,
and changes in greenhouse gases condensations causes changes in climate.
The sun is
the predominant sources for energy input to the earth. Both long and short term
variation in solar intensity are known to affect global climate three is four
billions years ago the sun emitted only 70% as much power as it does toady. If
the atmosphere composition had been the same as today, liquid water should not
have existed on earth.
Slight
variations in earth leads to changes in the seasonal distribution of sunlight
reaching the Earth’s surface and how it is distributed across the globe. There
is very little change to the area averaged annually averaged sunshine, but
there can be strong changes in the geographical and seasonal distribution.
The three
processes types of orbital variations are variations in Earth’s eccentricity
changes in the tilt angle of Earth’s axis of rotation and procession of Earth
axis.
Volcanism is
a process of conveying materials from the crust and mantle of the Earth, to its
surface, volcanic eruptions, geysers, and hit springs are example of volcanics
processes which releases gases and/or particulates into the atmosphere.
Anthropogenic
factors are human activities that changes the environment. In some cases the claim
of causality of human influence on the climate is direct and an ambiguous while
in other instances it is less clear of most concern in these anthropogenic
factors, is the increase in C02 levels due to emissions from fossil fuels
combustion followed by aerosols and cement manufacture, other factors including
land use, ozone depletion, animal agriculture and deforestation are also of
concern in the rides they play both separately and in conjunction with other
factors in affecting climate change, microclimate and measures of climate
change.
Climate
change in the recent past may be detected by corresponding changes in
settlement and agricultural pattern. Climate change of various civilization.
During 20th
century sea level rose about 15cms due to melting glacier ice and expansion of
warmer sea water models predict that sea level may rise as much as 59cm turning
the 21st century. Threading coaster community, wet land and coral reefs.
However rainfall causes flooding in many regions normal temperature has lead to
more intense rainfall in some areas.
Extreme
drought is increasing, higher temperature caused by a high rate of evaporation
and more drought in some area of the world. As temperature warms species may
either move to cover habitat or dying, thus the ecosystem is changing, species
that are particular vulnerable including endangered species, coral reefs and
polar animals.
Warmer
temperature affects human health these have been more death due to heat waves
and more allergy attacks as the season grows longer. Sea water becoming more
acidie due to C02 dissolving in the oceans . more so, climate change affect
agricultural ecosystem in providing sufficient food for the world people as the
population exceed six billon and as land, H20 and ecosystem resources are
degraded through over use.
Agriculture
and water resources are linked with climate if the build up of greenhouse gases
in the atmosphere continual without limit examples of plants threatened by
climate change include blue bells, quever trees. The threat of extinction to
species who are unable to adapt or have limited habitats increase due to
climatic changes, also changes in animal pole ward and elevational shifts
associated with regional warning.
Environmental
preservation on the other hand is the setting of natural resources to prevent
damaged caused by contract with human or by certain human activities such as
logging, hunting, fishing, to replace them with human activities such as tourisms
and recreation.
In
conclusion, it is important to note that human activities are response for
climate changes.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The study of
climate change and environmental related issues as been of much global concern
in recent years, this could be easily attributed to the ezone layer depletion
and this has and still has economic, social and political effect on the world
over in the light of this there has been a ice of public awareness program but
the basic engorge of the work is the knowledge of this subject matter among
student in secondary school in Lagos State.
1.3PURPOSE
OF THE STUDY
The main
purpose of the research is
1. To investigate students understanding of
environmental concepts and climate change.
2. To find our is there are gender differences
in students knowledge of climate change.
3. To find out is type of school (public and
private) attended has any relationship with student knowledge of climate
change.
4. To find out if the school location (urban or
rural) has any relationship with students knowledge of climate change.
1.4SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
Biology is a
core subject. Studying biology enables man to understand himself and his
environment. The knowledge of climate change and environmental pressurization
is applicable to other disciplines such as medicine, agriculture, historical
geographical and many more.
1. The result of this work will invariably spur
school authorities and teachers to improve on the use of instructional
materials and various techniques of teaching hence bring about effective
learning in students.
2. The students will also learn better on the
application of climate change and environmental preservation of their
communiter to their day to day activities and its application in solve social
and environmental problems.
3. Communities will benefits the most because
the students are a part of the community, the more competent and skill feel
students the better communities.
4. It will create the need for educational
agendas such as curriculum planners, curriculum innovators and curriculum
designers to plan effectively and give adequate coverage to environmental and
climate change issues at secondary school level.
1.5RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
1. What are students general knowledge on
concepts of climate change and environmental preservation?
2. Do gender differences exist in students
knowledge of climate change?
3. Do types of school attended has any
relationship with student knowledge of climate change and environmental
preservation?
4. Does school location have any relationship
with student knowledge of climates change and environmental preservations?
1.6SCOPE OF
THE STUDY
This study
will cover some selected senior secondary schools in Lagos State only. The
variables to be studied are:
a. Type of school i.e public/private
b. School location i.e rural/urban
c. Sex/gender i.e male/female
1.7DEFINITION
OF TERMS
Rural
Rural areas
are the very undeveloped areas in the state, it could either be located within
the urban setting or out skirt of the
urban settings. Rural in the sense of application in this study hinges mainly
on the underdevelopment status of the areas.
Urban
This is an
area of continuous urban development. Urban areas may be cites, town or
combinations. Urban in the sense of application in their study hinges mainly on
the well developed status of the area.
Gender
This is
define as a set of characteristics that are seen to distinguish between male
and female gender has several contiversial definition but here refers to am
individual inner sex or psychological sense of being a male or female
irrespective of ones outer sex identity as determined by one’s sexual organs.
There are two man gender masculine (male) feminine (female).
Climate
change
This is a
change in the average weather condition or change in the distribution of
weather events with respect to an average e.g greater or fewer extreme weather event.
Environmental
Preservation
This is
define as the setting aside of natural resources to prevent damage caused by
contact with humans or by human activities such are logging. Miming, hunting
e.t only to replace them with new human activities such as tourism and
recreation.
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