AN ASSESSMENT ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEACHERS’ ATTITUDE AND STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN BUSINESS STUDIES
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AN
ASSESSMENT ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEACHERS’ ATTITUDE AND STUDENTS’
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN BUSINESS STUDIES
ABSTRACT
The study
was a descriptive research design, which focuses on teachers and students from
five private and five public schools in Yaba Local Government Education
District. The sample for the study comprises of 30 teachers and 70 students
randomly selected from the selected schools. The study made use of
questionnaire in facilitating data collection. The data collected were analyzed
using simple percentage, t-test and chi-square method of statistical analysis.
The
following are the major findings of the study:
· Hypothesis one reveals that teachers'
attitudes in Business studies is gender significant.
· Hypothesis two reveals that Teachers'
attitude affects her effectiveness in classroom interaction.
· Hypothesis three reveals that Student's
academic performance is sometimes influenced by their teachers' attitude".
· Hypothesis four reveals that Attitudes
of private and public school teachers towards the teaching and learning of
business studies in secondary schools are quite different.
The study
recommended the following amongst others.
Teacher
should be adequately motivated and remunerated. Government should provide
adequate funds for the schools to be able to purchase the needed material and
equipment.
Teacher
should be made to adhere strictly to the moral principles and code of conduct
of the teaching profession.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
A teacher is
a significant figure in the school environment where he works and so his
attitude to work tends to have significant implications, which cannot be
dismissed with a wave of hand if academic excellence is to be achieved in our
educational institutions where as the teacher is the key player in the
educational field, the child is at the centre. In order to achieve academic
excellence in the 21stcentury and beyond, the role of the teacher as portrayed
through the teacher’s attitude, cannot be over emphasized. The school
environment has been described as “the second most important social environment
for the child after family” (Bettencourt, et al; 2003) has demonstrated that
teachers’ attitude may be translated into behavior that can have problematic
results for students learning. Teaching is an art and devotion of the teacher
towards the subject of knowledge. The quality of any teaching programme cannot
rise above the quality of its teacher.
Teachers
have an important role in classroom communication, classroom behaviour
management, and the achievement of teaching aims. The settings in which
effective and successful classroom management is conducted are bound to make a
contribution to students' success. A lot of research has dealt with classroom
management and teaching skills to determine the characteristics of teachers and
students. This research aims at exposing the relationship between teachers'
attitude toward students on students' academic performance Because the
influence of teacher attitudes inside and outside the class on students'
academic performance was determined freely through student observation and
student opinions, a qualitative approach was employed in the research. Findings
reveal that students perceive teachers' way of classroom management, in-class
and out-of-class attitudes, and teaching methods and strategies had positive or
negative impacts on their academic success and participation in lessons.
Attitude as
a concept is concerned with an individual way of thinking, acting and behaving.
It has very serious implications for the learner, the teacher, the immediate
social group with which the individual learner relates and the entire school
system. Attitudes are formed as a result of some kind of learning experiences.
They may also be learned simply by following the example or opinion of parent,
teacher or friend. This is mimicry or imitation, which also has a part to play
in the teaching and learning situation. In this respect, the learner draws from
his teachers’ disposition to form his own attitude, which may likely affect his
learning outcomes.
Attitude as
a concept is concerned with an individual way of thinking, acting and behaving.
It has very serious implications for the learner, the teacher, the immediate
social group with which the individual learner relates and the entire school
system. Attitudes are formed as a result of some kind of learning experiences.
They may also be learned simply by following the example or opinion of parent,
teacher or friend. This is mimicry or imitation, which also has a part to play
in the teaching and learning situation. In this respect, the learner draws from
his teachers’ disposition to form his own attitude, which may likely affect his
learning outcomes.
In his
observational theory, Bandura (1971) demonstrated that attitude is acquired by
watching another (the model, teacher, parent, mentor, and friend) that performs
the behavior. The model displays it and the learner observes and tries to
imitate it. Teachers are, invariably, role models whose
attitude are
easily copied by students. What teachers like or dislike, appreciate and how
they feel about their learning or studies could have a significant effect on their
students. Unfortunately, however, many teachers seldom realize that how they
teach, how they behave and how they interact with students can be more
paramount than what they teach. In a nutshell, teachers’ attitudes directly
affect students’ attitudes. Teachers’ attitudes are in turn, influenced by
their culture and belief system.
Teachers’
attitudes towards their students in school must be favorable enough to carry
students along.
Teacher’s
attitude springs from a number of sources. Some of these are to be found in the
classroom but many outside it.
Omoegun,
(2002) stressed that the relevance of teacher’s attitude to work influence
students, pupils and society.
Business
studies is a subject taught in the junior secondary schools. It enlightens the
pupil on various things, relating to their personal day to day activities going
on in their society hence, this course make them useful to themselves and the
society in which they live in.
Business
studies as a discipline involving business and clerical activities which
examines the method and theories involved in all office transactions within a
particular industries so as to ,make the organization become more efficient;
and more effective, also it incorporate subject like typewriting, shorthand and
commerce, elementary account and some of economic. In other word, it enables
them to cope with some economic activities in the society, (Greene, 1998).
Therefore,
teacher’s attitude in business studies is very essential because it helps to
stimulate the interest of students towards learning business studies. The
attitude of business studies teacher among other thing will equip the teacher
with the ability to strengthen the confidence of his students in their
capabilities.
It is
against this background that these studies investigate the relationship between
teacher’s attitudes and student’s academic performance in business studies in
yaba local government.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
According to
Lepper J. (1999), the extent to which age and gender, qualification, owning to
personal perception and teachers attitude were predictors of student’s academic
performance in business studies has been noticed.
While there
are teachers who are very effective and have positive attitude towards good
teaching and learning. So also are teachers who are not effective and have
brought discouragement to students. These attitude on the part of the teacher
could be a reflection of their home, training and preparation (Lepper J. 1999),
Teachers’
attitude can also be traced to low salaries, unconducive school environment and
leadership styles as perceived by such teachers. Negative attitude to work does
not produce effective performance, therefore, teacher’s attitude as an
intervening variable between students learning and academic performance should
not be overlooked.
It is
against this background that the study investigates the relationship between
teacher’s attitudes and students’ academic performance in business studies in
Yaba local government.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The main aim
of this study is to examine the relationship between teacher’s attitude and
students’ academic performance in business studies in some selected schools in
Yabe local government specifically, the study will look into the following;
1. Examine out what factors constitute
teacher’s; attitude;
2. Investigate how teacher’s attitude in
business studies affect their students learning performance in the subject;
3. Establish if there is a relationship in
teachers attitude and students academic performance.
4. Establish if there is any teacher’s
attitudes towards business studies; and
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The
following questions would be provided with answers in order to guide the study;
1. What factors constitute teacher attitude in
business studies.
2. What impact does teachers attitudes have on
their student performance.
3. Is there a relationship between teacher
attitude and students academic performance
in business studies
4. Is there any difference in the attitude of
the male and female teachers teaching business studies.
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
The
following hypotheses would be postulated to guide the study
H0: There will be no significant difference in
a male and female teachers’ attitude in business studies.
H0: There will be no significant relationship
between teachers attitude and students performance to business studies.
H1: There will be no significant difference in
public and private school teachers’ attitude in the teaching and learning of
business studies
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Based on the
finding of this study, it is hoped that the following will benefit from the
study.
Parents: It
is hoped that the study would be of benefit to parents
As it would
reveal to them how they can enhance a positive attitude of the teacher through
frequent visit to the school and also through Parents Teachers Association
(PTA) meetings it would also reveal to them that the training of the child is a
joint task, which should not be left done for the teachers.
Teachers:
The findings of this study would reveal to teachers, the effect of negative
attitude of their effectiveness and student performance and thereby encourage
them to always have positive attitude towards their subject in order to portray
a favorably model in their learners.
Educational
Authorities: The outcome of this study would make known to educational planners
and administrations the importance of motivation in enhancing a better job
attitude. It would however; help in revealing how to tackle the problem of
teacher’s attrition and low productivity at the local, state and national
levels.
Finally, it
is hoped that findings of this study would enhance a balanced educational,
individual, societal and organization growth by proposing to authorities
concern, ways of encouraging better academic performance of students and also
add to copious amount of literature on teachers’ attitude to work.
1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The study
focuses on teachers’ attitude and students’ academic performance in business
studies in secondary schools in Yaba Local Government Area of Lagos State. It
will be limited to private and public junior secondary schools in Mainland
Local Education District Area of Lagos State due to time and functional
constraints.
For this
reason, five private and five public schools were selected for the research
work. The result of which was expected to explain the situation of things from
other schools in the state.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
The
following terms are operationally defined;
Teachers’
attitude is the ability of the teacher to provide agreed upon effects in a
given context it refers to result not personality. It represents output not
inputs, not so much of what a teacher does but what he achieves (Amoo, 2002).
Attitude:
According to Johnson (1975) attitude is a combination of concepts, information
and emotions that result in a predisposition is respond favourably or
unfavourable towards particular people, group, ideas, event or object.
Gender:
According to Ahonsi (1994), gender is a social conception of the expectation
and behaviour considered appropriate for those identified as male and female.
It is the social interpretation of being male and female.
Teaching
resources: Amoo (2002) said that these are collection of materials, tools and
equipment etc. that can be used effectively to enhance teaching and learning.
Teacher:
Olayinka (1991), declared that, a teacher is a professionally qualified person,
trained, certified and well prepared to teach specific subjects in a school.
Teaching:
According to Pollias and Young (1969), teaching is a means of guiding students
in security the amount and quality of experience which will promote the optimum
development of their potential as human beings.
Learning:
Hilgard Bower (1975) defined learning as a complex process by means of which
knowledge, skills, habits, facts, ideas and principles are acquired, retained
and utilized in order to adopt to one’s environment and also to modify the
existing behaviours when necessary.
Private
schools: These are fee-paying schools that are own by individuals or private
institutions.
Public
schools: These are schools that are managed by the government and whose
management has been assigned to state or local government. All decisions
followed in schools are directives from the government and they are non
fee-paying schools.
Learning
strategies: This refers to the activities by which learning is achieved. For
examples; reading loud, copying notes, consulting peers, asking the instructor
for clarification are all learning strategies.
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