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CAUSES OF
CONFLICT BETWEEN SECRETARIES AND BOSSES OWNED ESTABLISHMENT
ABSTRACT
The major
purpose of this research is to find out the causes of conflict between
Secretaries and Bosses in Anambra State owned Establishments. The population of
the study consists of 58 Secretaries in Anambra State Owned Companies. The
sample for the study was the total population of the Secretaries which is 58.
Three research questions were formulated which guided the study. Nine (9) items
structure questionnaire was developed validated and tested for its reliability.
The percentage method was used in calculation. The major findings of the study
were:
1. That secretaries have more area of
conflict with their bosses than areas of mutual friendship.
2. The consequences of such conflicts affect
the progress of the establishment concerned.
3. That if the possible strategies or
procedures suggested can be adopted by the secretaries the conflict can be
remedial.
It is
concluded that, it is important for the secretaries to have a good working
relationship with their bosses to stop the conflicts and achieve the goals of
the establishment, and bosses should provide or create a room for negotiation
between them and their secretaries.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background
of the study
A secretary is an assistant to an
executive possessing mastery of office skills and ability to assume
responsibility without direct supervision, who displays initiative, exercise
judgment and takes decision within the scope to her authority. The Webster
Dictionary of English (2005) however, defined a Secretary as one trusted with
secret of or confidence of a superior, adviser, confident or one employed to
handle correspondence and manage routine
and detailed work for a superior. This depicts that a secretary is a skilled
personnel who possess both executive and personal attributes in managing the
affairs of any organization effectively and efficiently in order to achieve
organizational objective. From this description, Onasanya (1990) defines a
Secretary as someone who possess adequate knowledge of administration or
organization and the ability to achieve results through hard work and
management of resources or people on behalf of his/her boss. Its classification
depends basically on experience and their functions are diverse and this
depends largely on the field of specification. The cadre of secretaries tends
to determine and at the same time modify the function of such secretary.
According to Rule and Byars (1983),
performance is the degree of accomplishment of the tasks that makes up on
individual job, but the performance of these function can be greatly inhibited
by certain functions.
According to Alancik and Fetter (1977)
a job is satisfying when there is a match between the characteristic of the job
and the needs of the individuals. The determinants include self-evolution,
expectation, social norms, social comparisons, commitment etc, for instance, if
on e expects a job to be paying well,
and it is not, them he/she will be dissatisfied. Also if one is not
evaluated up to the standard, she will also not be happy (dissatisfied).
The Secretary’s satisfaction leads to
organization commitment, while dissatisfaction result in behaviors is know to
the organization. (Turnover, absentee’s, low morale, etc).
Those who are dissatisfied with their
work never reach psychological maturity. They feel frustrated. Employees who
like their jobs and other job related factors will be loyal and devoted
employees. However, employees who strongly dislike and dissatisfied with their
job or any other job related factors will often exhibits these feelings by
taking absent or by taking more convert actions to disrupt the organization.
A Conflict is a serious disagreement or
argument. Conflict has become a feature of labor management relationship in
Nigeria while Secretaries and Bosses in
the industries should work harmoniously together for the betterment to the
fulfilled in practice. Secretaries and bosses tend to have opposite views. This
is because of the divergence between the expectation of management and labor in
an Establishment.
Statement of
the problem
The Secretary is flexible, technically
good in their jobs and they are determined. Public concern regarding the
conflicts of bosses and secretaries in Nigeria has been on the increase in
recent times. It is observed that many qualified secretaries desecrate their
jobs and take to other professions entirely different from Secretarial
profession. Many Secretaries that choose to remain in the profession do not
seek ways of improving their management in an organization.
Generally, the concern is more on the
conflicts between Bosses and Secretaries; no mention is ever made of the
factors responsible of these conflicts. Certain questions need to be asked in
an attempt to recognize those factors that causes the conflicts in state owned
establishment.
Purpose of
the Study
The major purpose of this study is:
- To basically investigate some of
the causes of conflicts between Bosses and Secretaries in State owned
Establishment.
- To examine the damages which
conflicts between bosses and secretaries caused to different industries
- To find out the consequences of
such conflicts
- To suggest remedy and strategies
for solving conflicts between Bosses and secretaries in state owned
establishment.
Significance
of the Study
The study is significant for the
following reasons:
The result
of the study will enable the Management to formulate a policy toward conflicts
resolution in establishment industries.
It will help to highlight some of the
factors which cause conflict between bosses and secretaries in a state establishment
(AHOCOL) so that management will appreciate the seriousness of the problem.
The study will also enable the
management to formulate policies towards conflicts resolution in industries. It
will serve as a guide (especially in establishment industry) to enable them
prepare their minds on how to take the conflicts likely to come.
The information contain in the study
will be of assistance to students who might be interested in further research
into other areas of secretaries and bosses conflicts not covered by not present
study.
Research
questions
1. What are the factors that cause the
conflicts between bosses and secretaries?
2. What are the damages caused by such
conflicts?
3. What are the method used in resolving
this conflict between bosses and secretaries?
Delimitations
of the Study
This study was delimitated to the
causes of problem between Secretaries and Bosses in industries owned by the
Government and to enable management to formulate a policy towards conflicts
resolution in industries.
Definition
of terms
1. Secretary – Is an employee in an
office, who deals with correspondence, keeps records and makes management and
appointments for a particular member of the staff.
2. Boss – A boss is a person who is the head
of a company, not merely in change of subordinate workers but in charge of all
lower level manager and supervisors, sometimes called middle management.
3. Establishment – As a place where a
business is carried on.
4. Industry - An industry is a group of
companies that manufacture products and services which are closely related to
each other.
5. Organization - Is a social unit of
people that is structed and managed to meet a need or to pursue collective
goals.
6. Conflicts – refers to some form of friction, disagreement or
discord arising within a group when the
beliefs or actions of one or more members of the group are either resisted by
or unacceptable to one or more members of another group.
7. Skill – This refers to all activities
that require the control of physical movements to be made.
8. Performance – Secretaries ability to
carryout the duties and responsibilities demanded to his/her position.
9. Source: Oxford Advanced Learners (6th
edition)
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